Missouri Health Insurance Consumer Guide

You can buy individual and family health insurance from Missouri’s Marketplace if:²

• You live in Missouri. 
• You are lawfully present in the U.S.
• You don’t have Medicare.
• You are not incarcerated.

Eligibility for financial assistance with your Marketplace coverage will depend on your income. In addition, to be eligible for financial assistance in the Marketplace:

• You must not be eligible for affordable employer-sponsored health coverage.
• You must not be eligible for Medicaid/CHIP (MO HealthNet).
• You must not be eligible for premium-free Medicare Part A.³
• If married, file a joint tax return.⁴
• Not be able to be claimed by someone else as a tax dependent.⁴

In Missouri, the open enrollment period to sign up for ACA-compliant individual and family health plans is from November 1 to January 15.

• If you enroll by December 15, your coverage starts on January 1.
• If you enroll between December 16 and January 15, your coverage starts February 1.⁵

Outside of open enrollment, you can still make plan changes or enroll in the Marketplace if you qualify for a special enrollment period (SEP). Most SEPs require a qualifying life event, such as involuntary loss of coverage, marriage, or having a baby.

But there are instances where you don’t need a qualifying life event to apply.⁶ For example:

• If you’re eligible for premium tax credits and your income is not more than 150% of the poverty level, you can enroll anytime.
• If you’re an Alaska Native or American Indian, you can enroll anytime.⁷
• If you lose Medicaid or CHIP between March 31, 2023 and November 30, 2024, you can enroll through the extended SEP that continues throughout that window.⁸

In Missouri, you have a few options to enroll in a Marketplace health plan:

• Directly through HealthCare.gov – the ACA exchange
• By phone at (800) 318-2596
• By contacting agents, navigators, certified application counselors or an approved enhanced direct enrollment entity.⁹
• By mailing in a paper application
  

Many people – like early retirees not yet on Medicare, self-employed people, and those who work for small businesses without health benefits – use the ACA Marketplace.

In Missouri, you can find affordable health plans through the ACA Marketplace’s website: HeathCare.gov.

Under the ACA, you may qualify for income-based subsidies called Advance Premium Tax Credits (APTC). These credits lower your premiums.

As of early 2024, 95% of the people with effectuated coverage through Missouri’s exchange were receiving premium subsidies, saving an average of $595 per month. The average after-subsidy premium (including the 5% of people paying full price) was about $85/month.¹⁰ (Note that these numbers are based on effectuated enrollment in early 2024, so they differ from the graphic below, which is based on total enrollment during the open enrollment period that began in the fall of 2023.)

If your income isn’t more than 250% of the federal poverty level, you may also receive cost-sharing reductions (CSR), as long as you enroll in a Silver-level plan.¹¹ CSRs reduce your out-of-pocket costs when you use your health insurance. 

Source: CMS.gov ¹²

Missourians may also find affordable coverage through Medicaid if eligible. Missouri expanded Medicaid eligibility guidelines in 2021, under the terms of a voter-approved ballot measure that implemented the ACA’s Medicaid expansion. This allows adults younger than 65 to enroll in Medicaid with a household income up to 138% of the poverty level. Learn more in our Missouri Medicaid guide.

Short-term plans are also a low-cost option for people who are not eligible for employer plans, Medicaid, Medicare, or subsidies through the exchange. However, for short-term plans issued starting in September 2024, new federal rules limit initial terms to no more than three months, and total duration are capped at four months, including renewals. 

For 2025, nine insurers are offering coverage in Missouri’s Marketplace.¹³ Three of the insurers are expanding their coverage area for 2025. This includes a UnitedHealthcare expansion to offer coverage statewide (the only carrier to do so). The other six carriers will continue to offer coverage in the same number of counties they serviced in 2024.¹⁴

So although plan availability varies from one area to another, all counties in Missouri have Marketplace plans available from at least two insurers for 2025, and 71 of the state’s 115 counties have plans available from at least five insurers.¹³

There were ten insurers offering plans in 2023,¹⁵, but Cigna exited Missouri’s individual insurance market at the end of 2023.¹⁶ 

Here are the average rate changes that were approved for 2025 for Missouri’s Marketplace insurers (before any subsidies are applied)¹⁷

Source: Missouri Department of Insurance¹⁸

The approved rate changes apply to full-price premiums. Since most people on Missouri’s exchange receive premium tax credits, they don’t pay the full price.¹⁰ If you qualify for subsidies, your net rate change depends on changes in your plan rates and your subsidy amounts.

A note about rate review in Missouri: Prior to 2017, Missouri did not have an effective rate review program, but that changed in 2017 (as of 2024, only three states — Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Wyoming — do not have an effective rate review program and thus rely on the federal government for this).¹⁹

Since 2017, under the terms of SB865, the Missouri Department of Insurance has taken an active role in reviewing insurers’ proposed rate changes.²⁰ State regulators determine whether the proposed rates are justified, although they are not allowed to prevent an insurer from implementing a rate change, even if the state does not consider it to be justified (this is the same as the federal rate review process).

For perspective, here’s a summary of how unsubsidized premiums have changed over the years in Missouri’s individual/family health insurance market:

• 2015: Average increase of 9%²¹
• 2016: Average increase of 14%²²
• 2017: Average increase of 25.5%²³
• 2018: Average increase of 40%²⁴
• 2019: Average increase of 1.6%²⁵
• 2020: Average decrease of 2%²⁶
• 2021: Average increase of 4.7%.²⁷
• 2022: Average increase of 2.3%.²⁸
• 2023: Average increase of 11%²⁹
• 2024: Average increase of 4.6%³⁰

During the open enrollment period for 2024 coverage, 359,369 people signed up for private health plans through Missouri’s exchange/Marketplace.³¹ This was a significant new record high (see graph below).

Usually, when a state expands Medicaid, Marketplace enrollment drops. That’s because people with income between 100 and 138% of the federal poverty level transfer from Marketplace plans to Medicaid.

But Missouri’s Marketplace enrollment grew in 2022 and 2023 despite the 2021 Medicaid expansion. This growth is likely because of larger subsidies from the American Rescue Plan and the Inflation Reduction Act. The larger and more accessible subsidies make coverage more affordable.³²

And the enrollment growth in 2024 was also driven by the “unwinding” of the pandemic-era Medicaid continuous coverage rule. CMS reported that by April 2024, more than 124,000 Missouri residents had transitioned from Medicaid (MO HealthNet) to a Marketplace plan.³³

Source: 2014,³⁴ 2015,³⁵ 2016,³⁶ 2017,³⁷ 2018,³⁸ 2019,³⁹ 2020,⁴⁰ 2021,⁴¹ 2022,⁴² 2023,⁴³ 2024⁴⁴

HealthCare.gov
The official federal website where you can sign up for health insurance plans through the ACA Marketplace. 

Missouri Department of Insurance
Oversees and regulates health plans, brokers, and agents.

MO HealthNet
Missouri’s Medicaid.

Missouri State Health Insurance Assistance Program (Missouri SHIP)
Helps Missourians with Medicare benefits.

Medicare Rights Center
National resource with a website and call center to provide information and help for people on Medicare.