Medicaid eligibility and enrollment in Mississippi

If you are under 65 and don’t have Medicare:

• You can apply online at Access MS.
• You can begin the process at HealthCare.gov, either online or by phone at 1-800-318-2596. If you’re expected to be eligible for Medicaid, HealthCare.gov will send your information to Mississippi Medicaid, where you can finish the enrollment.
• You can fill out the PDF version of the Mississippi Medicaid Application Form and either click the application submit button, or save the completed PDF and email it to [email protected].
• You can also print out the PDF application, complete it by hand, and fax, mail, or deliver it in person.  You can fax it to 601-576-4164.  You can mail it to 550 High Street, Suite 1000, Jackson, MS 39201.  Or you can take it to your nearest Mississippi Division of Medicaid regional office.

If you are 65 or older or have Medicare, use this website to apply for Medicaid.

Many Medicare beneficiaries receive assistance through Medicaid with the cost of Medicare premiums, cost sharing, and services Medicare doesn’t cover — such as long-term care.

Our guide to financial assistance for Medicare beneficiaries in Mississippi explains these benefits, including Medicare Savings Programs, Extra Help, long-term care benefits, and income guidelines for assistance.

Medicaid disenrollments were paused nationwide from March 202o through March 2023. Even if a person’s circumstances changed and they were no longer Medicaid-eligible, their coverage continued throughout the pandemic. Starting in early-mid 2023, states began checking the eligibility of everyone enrolled in Medicaid and disenrolling those who no longer met the eligibility criteria or who failed to respond to a renewal notice.

The first round of disenrollments in Mississippi came in June 2023, By the time the unwinding process ended in Mississippi in May 2024, 149,948 people had been disenrolled from Mississippi Medicaid.¹⁷

Mississippi continued to request eligibility verification from enrollees throughout the pandemic, as did many other states. But people who didn’t respond or who were no longer eligible could not be disenrolled unless they requested that. Instead, Mississippi moved these people from managed care plans to fee-for-service Medicaid during the pandemic. This saved the state some money, but potentially reduced some enrollees’ access to the supplemental services that the Medicaid managed care plans provide.

If a person is no longer eligible for Medicaid and also not eligible for Medicare or an employer’s health plan, they will need to obtain their own replacement coverage. In most cases, the exchange/Marketplace is the best way to do this, and Mississippi uses HealthCare.gov as its marketplace.

CMS reported that more than 70,000 people had transitioned from Mississippi Medicaid to a Marketplace plan during the unwinding process.¹⁹

Because Mississippi has not expanded Medicaid under the ACA, the state does still have a coverage gap for adults with income below the poverty level. So it’s important for low-income residents to be aware of how to avoid this coverage gap.

In 2021, Medicaid expansion advocates in Mississippi began gathering signatures to get Initiative 76 on the 2022 ballot. This measure would have let the state’s voters decide whether Medicaid should be expanded, and it’s worth noting that this approach has resulted in Medicaid expansion in several other states — voters have never failed to pass a Medicaid expansion measure in any state when it has been on the ballot.

However, Initiative 76 was suspended in mid-2021, after it was determined that a state Supreme Court ruling in 2020 had invalidated the Mississippi ballot initiative process. So voters in Mississippi did not get a chance to weigh in on Medicaid expansion in the 2022 election.

As noted above, efforts to revive the citizen-led ballot initiative in Mississippi failed in the 2024 legislative session.¹¹

Even though Mississippi hasn’t expanded Medicaid and has some of the most stringent eligibility guidelines in the country, the state has sought federal approval to make it even harder for people to get Medicaid coverage in Mississippi.

In October 2017, Mississippi submitted a proposed 1115 waiver to CMS, detailing the work requirement that the state wants to implement. The waiver was still pending approval as of early 2025, before the second Trump administration took office.

The Biden administration had informed states that Medicaid work requirements were not compatible with the mission of Medicaid. The first Trump administration had approved several states’ proposed Medicaid work requirements, but the Biden administration revoked all of those approvals. Proposals like Mississippi’s, which were still pending when President Biden took office, were left pending throughout the Biden administration.

(Georgia implemented a work requirement in 2023, but only for the population that became newly eligible for the state’s partial Medicaid expansion at the same time. The work requirement in Georgia does not apply to anyone who was already eligible for coverage.)

Mississippi’s proposal would allow the state to require some Medicaid enrollees to work, volunteer, attend school, participate in substance abuse treatment, or otherwise fulfill the work requirement for at least 20 hours per week.

People would be exempt if they are disabled, physically or mentally unable to work, a primary caregiver for someone in need of care, elderly, under the age of 19, pregnant, Native American, or included in various other exempt populations. Since Mississippi has not expanded Medicaid under the ACA, the vast majority of the state’s Medicaid enrollees would already be exempt from the work requirement. The work requirement would really only apply to certain low-income parents and people receiving transitional medical assistance (a program that extends Medicaid coverage for up to 12 months for people who start earning too much money to continue to qualify for Medicaid).

Mississippi Medicaid covers more than 600,000 people, but only about 56,000 of them are in the low-income parent Medicaid eligibility category. And of those, most would have exemptions. About 15,000 to 20,000 people would end up having to work as a result of the work requirement, and many are already working.

Ultimately, about 5,000 people would be expected to lose coverage in Mississippi each year if the work requirement were to be approved and implemented (as noted above, that is not likely to happen under the Biden administration). According to the Clarion-Ledger, 91% of the people who would lose access to Medicaid under the proposed work requirement in Mississippi are low-income mothers. And more than two-thirds are African American.

These low-income parents are in a catch-22 situation: If they earn more than 27% of the poverty level (that works out to about $518/month for a household of three), they’d no longer be eligible for Medicaid. And if they don’t work, they’ll also lose access to Medicaid as a result of the work requirement. So in order to have health insurance, they would either have to maintain a job that provides health insurance coverage, or earn at least 100% of the poverty level so that they could obtain premium subsidies in the exchange and purchase an affordable individual health plan. One hundred percent of the poverty level is about $1,919/month for a household of three, so it’s a big jump from the Medicaid eligibility cutoff to the start of eligibility for premium subsidies.

To address these concerns, the state proposed an additional 12 months of transitional Medicaid coverage for people who remain in compliance with the work requirement for the full 24 months. Georgetown University’s Joan Alker describes this as a “wholly inadequate solution.” It’s temporary, doesn’t provide any sort of solution after the 24 months of transitional Medicaid coverage ends, and hinges on the unrealistic expectation that low-income, working parents will not experience even one month of unemployment during their 24 months of transitional Medicaid.

CMS had initially opened a comment period in early 2018 for Mississippi’s waiver proposal. But after the state revised the proposal to add 12 months of transitional Medicaid coverage, the comment period was re-opened. During the re-opened comment period, 320 comments were submitted, and 319 of them were in opposition to the state’s proposed Medicaid work requirement. The revised proposal was still under review by CMS as of early 2025.

Total Mississippi Medicaid/CHIP enrollment was 602,825 as of October 2024,²⁰ including 518,360 people with Medicaid and 84,465 children with health insurance coverage under CHIP.

Total enrollment in Mississippi Medicaid/CHIP was 2% lower in October 2024 than it had been in late 2013.²¹ Mississippi was one of only three states where enrollment had declined from late 2013 to late 2024; nationwide, total enrollment had grown by 38% during that timeframe.

As the ACA was written, it called for Medicaid expansion in every state for residents with incomes up to 133% of poverty (plus a 5% income disregard, bringing the effective eligibility threshold to 138% of the poverty level).  But in 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that states could not be penalized for opting out of expansion, and Mississippi is one of only ten states that have not yet expanded Medicaid.

In states that expand Medicaid, the federal government paid the full cost of expansion through 2016. After that, states gradually began to pay a share of the expansion cost, but the federal government will always pay at least 90%. As a result, states that reject Medicaid expansion are leaving billions of dollars on the table.

From 2013 through 2022, Mississippi gave up $14.5 billion in federal funding that would otherwise have been available to the state to help provide medical care for low-income residents. And states that newly expand Medicaid after April 2021 are eligible for two years of additional federal Medicaid funding under the American Rescue Plan, but Mississippi has not yet taken advantage of that.

Since residents in states not expanding Medicaid still have to pay federal taxes, Mississippi residents have been subsidizing Medicaid expansion in other states. Over a decade, people in Mississippi are paying $1.7 billion in federal taxes that are used to pay for Medicaid expansion in other states.

Governor Tate Reeves, who assumed office in 2020, campaigned in opposition to Medicaid expansion. His viewpoint is consistent with former Governor Phil Bryant. Bryant claimed that the state wouldn’t be able to bear the cost if the federal government were ever unable to uphold its promise to pay at least 90% of the cost, and referred to accepting Medicaid expansion as a “fool’s errand.”

Mississippi’s share of traditional Medicaid costs climbed from fiscal year 2012 to fiscal year 2017. Lawmakers have highlighted this as a reason for not expanding coverage, but they’re missing the point (whether purposely or not) that Medicaid expansion is funded under different rules from traditional Medicaid. Under Medicaid expansion, the cost to cover newly eligible residents was fully funded by the federal government through the end of 2016. In 2020 and forward, states pay 10% of costs associated with the Medicaid expansion population.

And of particular importance, states that have expanded Medicaid have seen substantially smaller growth in state Medicaid spending than states that haven’t expanded Medicaid.

In June 2013, Republicans in both chambers of the Mississippi legislature voted against Medicaid expansion. They did vote to continue the state’s existing Medicaid program, which came within days of expiring and had to be dealt with in a special legislative session called by Bryant. The issue of Medicaid expansion might not have even made it to a vote except that Democrats threatened to withhold their votes for renewing the existing Medicaid program unless Republicans would agree to take the issue of Medicaid expansion to a vote. No Republicans voted for Medicaid expansion, although one, Senator Billy Hudson of Hattiesburg, said that he would eventually vote for Medicaid expansion, “but not today.”

The Mississippi State Medical Association put forth a resolution in August 2016 calling for “expanded coverage” but didn’t use the words “Medicaid expansion” in their draft, knowing that the issue was too politically charged.

As described above, Mississippi lawmakers finally considered Medicaid expansion during the 2024 legislative session, but were unable to come to an agreement. And legislation has been introduced to reconsider the issue in 2025. But for now, in the nation’s poorest state, the poorest residents have no access to health coverage at all.